Basque language was completely banned under Franco. Until his death in the mid-seventies, you could get arrested for speaking in in public. Basque-speaking kids would get beaten at school when they'd show up to kindergarten not knowing much Spanish and without realizing a few words of their mother tongue would slip out.
This I knew. But I recently learned that Basque names were banned too. So, little Julen or Agurtzane or Karmele would show up at school and be told by the teacher that their names were not acceptable and they would now have to answer to their Spanish equivalents: Julián, Rosario, or María del Carmen. Same thing when you went to have your national ID card made. So when Franco died, everyone ran to the public registry and finally got their REAL names put on their ID cards.
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